Machismo In Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Chronicles Of A Death...

English Essay Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Chronicles of a Death Foretold shows how Machismo drives all male ambition. Machismo, in Latin American countries was derived from the word macho meaning an intense masculine pride. Machismo was first used in 1948, and was taken as a code of honour for men, rules that would make you considered macho. Respect and reputation are highly regarded as important traits in Machismo, and are the driving force of reason in the novel. (Add another sentence about the broadness of Machismo). The plot of the novel is based on the murder of Santiago Nasar, and is rooted in Machismo. The two antagonists of the book Pablo and Pedro Vicario, murder Nasar after finding out he allegedly had sex with their sister,†¦show more content†¦The narrators sister who isn’t even involved in the murder and isn’t present at all during the events, even understands why they killed him, even though feels mournful for him. I felt that I was the one who was going to die, my sister said. But no matter how much they tossed the story back and forth, no one could explain to me how poor Santiago Nasar ended up being involved in such a mix-up. The only thing they knew for sure was that Angela Vicarios brothers were waiting for him to kill him. (Chapter 1 Page 38). Even the groups of people who were most likely to be against the killing either supported it or did not object to it. The priest the brothers visit after the killing has concluded, says they are innocent before God, which both the priest and the brothers agree upon We killed him openly, Pedro Vicario said, but were innocent. Perhaps before God, said Father Amador. Before God and before men, Pablo Vicario said. It was a matter of honor. (Chapter 3 Page 73). Even though murder is a sin designated by the 10 commandments. The law is on their side as well, both the brothers only receiving 3 years in prison for 1st degree murder. This utter respect for Machismo triumphs over both religious and lawful justice, both commoningly of highest values in society for a vast majority of people. As well as this, the Arab community which Nasar isShow MoreRelatedChronicle Of A Death Foretold Analysis794 Words   |  4 PagesThe Irreplaceable Loss of Honor in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel Chron icle of a Death Foretold In the novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, two of the main characters, Pablo and Pedro Vicario, committed a murder based on allegations presented by their sister Angela Vicario. Throughout the novel, the townspeople try to justify the brothers’ actions as a mechanism to restore their sister’s honor. Based on the novel honor was salient in determining a familys worth; reputationRead MoreAnalysis of Cultural Flaw in Chronicle of a Death Foretold1485 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Cultural Flaw in Chronicle of a Death Foretold Humanity has built grand and wondrous cultures and societies, for the better of mankind people have devoted themselves to a functional structured society. But have these creations become merely fabrications that hinder one’s true beliefs? Throughout the novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold, author Gabriel Garcia Marquez gives insight into Colombian society. As the story of a murder unravels Marquez projects the themes of honor and fateRead MoreMachismo in Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez1029 Words   |  5 Pagesto present certain ideas that the author believes in. In Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez’s Chronicle of a Death Foretold there are many characters included that range from bold, boisterous characters to minuscule, quiet characters but one thing they all have in common is that they all represent ideas. Characters in the novel convey aspects of Marquez’s Colombian culture. The machismo expected of Latino men is exemplified by Santiago Nasar. Machismo men as stereotypically thought of as strong, rich, loudRead MoreChronicle of a Death Untold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez1008 Words   |  4 PagesTQ: To what extent do the Machismo and Marianismo ideals act as a catalyst to the plot of Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez? Honor over Love Honor can be earned and built throughout years of work and commitment but lost in just one single action. When looking at many Latin American cultures it is the women’s duty to preserve the honor, and the male’s job to protect it if there is ever a threat. The social ideologies of machismo and marianismo act as a source of pressure toRead MoreTheme Of Machismo In Chronicle Of A Death Foretold1554 Words   |  7 PagesChronicle of a Death Foretold is a story about a murder that happened in a small town, in which the society allowed to happen without questioning it. In this town there is an emphasis on male pride and men’s sexual behaviors. Everyone expects a certain code of male honor from every man. The way they look and act is all portrayed by this emphasis of machismo. Machismo men are stereotypically thought of as strong, rich, loud, and as womanizers. They are often associated with violence. Drinking, fightingRead MoreAnalysis Of Chronicle Of A Death Foreto ld969 Words   |  4 Pages The Role of Women in Expressing and Critiquing Latin American Culture in â€Å"Chronicle of a Death Foretold† 10 February 2017 Word count: 1499 The characterization of females within Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez’s â€Å"Chronicles of a Death Foretold† brings to light the ways through which machismo is established and maintained within the novel’s Latin American culture. Such characters bring to light women s exploitation under the influence of this patriarchy, as well as the many ways in which theyRead MoreParadox of Character in Chronicle of a Death Foretold1289 Words   |  6 PagesIn Gabriel Garcia-Marquez’s Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the concept of appearance versus reality is manifested in three of the major characters around whom the novel revolves. The surface impressions of Santiago Nasar, Angela Vicario, and Bayardo San Roman are deeply rooted in Latin culture; underneath the layer of tradition, however, lies a host of paradoxical traits which indicate the true complexity of human nature. While Santiago Nasar initially appears unethical, his traits and behaviorsRead MoreThe Influence of Violent Cultural Traditions on the Characters of Chronicles of a Death Foretold – Gabriel Garcia Marquez1490 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferences and exploitation†¦Many Latin American societies are condemned to bloodletting by the precedents of violence and gross injustice that characterize their culture and their history.† – LeMoyne James, ‘Children of Cain’ 1991 Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s text depicts the cultural life and setting of Latin America. His inclusion of conventional values portrayed in the novel such as pride and honor influences specific characters such as Pedro and Pablo Vicario, two â€Å"boys who were raised upRead MoreChronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez1239 Words   |  5 PagesIn Chronicle of a Death Foretold Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez depicts the gender roles within Colombian society as deeply rooted in the mentality of Machismo culture to shed light on social inequalities. The depiction female characters Marquez’s novella offers a deeper comprehension of the diverse methods by which patriarchy is established within the Latin American culture. Marquez reveals not only the degree to which women’s internalization of this system or their mistreatment and abuse within this imbalanced

The Environment and Free-Range, Organic, and Local Meat

Meat and other animal products are a serious environmental issue, leading the Atlantic chapter of the Sierra Club to call animal products, a Hummer on a plate. However, free-range, organic, or local meats are not the solution. Free-Range, Cage-Free, Pasture-Raised Meat, Eggs, and Dairy Factory farmers are not animal-hating sadists who confine the animals for fun. Factory farming started because scientists in the 1960s were looking for a way to meet the meat demands of an exploding human population. The only way the U.S. can feed animal products to hundreds of millions of people is to grow grain as an intense monoculture, turn that grain into animal feed, and then give that feed to intensively confined animals. There isn’t enough available land on earth to raise all livestock free-range or cage-free. The United Nations reports that livestock now use 30% of the earth’s entire land surface, mostly permanent pasture but also including 33% of the global arable land used to produce feed for livestock. Free-range, pasture-fed animals would require even more land on which to feed. They require even more food and water than factory-farmed animals because they are exercising more. To meet the increasing demand for grass-fed beef, South American rainforests are being cleared to produce more pasture for organic, grass-fed beef to be exported. Only 3% of the beef produced in the U.S. is grass-fed, and already, thousands of wild horses are displaced by this relatively small number of cattle. The U.S. alone has 94.5 million beef cattle. One farmer estimates that it takes 2.5 to 35 acres of pasture, depending on the quality of the pasture, to raise a grass-fed cow. Using the more conservative figure of 2.5 acres of pasture, this means we need approximately 250 million acres to create grazing pastures for every cow in the U.S. Thats over 390,000 square miles, which is more than 10% of all the land in the U.S. Organic Meat Raising animals organically does not reduce the amount of food or water required to produce meat, and the animals will produce just as much waste. Under the National Organic Program administered by the USDA, organic certification for animal products has certain minimum care requirements under 7 C.F.R. 205, such as access to the outdoors, shade, shelter, exercise areas, fresh air, and direct sunlight (7 C.F.R. 205.239). Manure must also be managed in a manner that does not contribute to contamination of crops, soil, or water by plant nutrients, heavy metals, or pathogenic organisms and optimizes recycling of nutrients (7. C.F.R. 205.203) Organic livestock must also be fed organically produced feed and cannot be given growth hormones (7 C.F.R. 205.237). While organic meat does offer some environmental and health benefits over factory farming in terms of residue, waste management, pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, the livestock does not consume fewer resources or produce less manure. Animals raised organically are still slaughtered, and organic meat is just as wasteful, if not more wasteful, than factory-farmed meat. Local Meat We hear that one way to be eco-friendly is to eat locally, to reduce the number of resources required to deliver food to our table. Locavores strive to build their diet around food produced within a certain distance from their home. While eating locally might reduce your impact on the environment, the reduction is not as great as some might believe and other factors are more important. According to CNN, an Oxfam report titled, Fair Miles - Recharting the Food Miles Map, found that the way in which food is produced is more important than how far that food is transported. The amount of energy, fertilizer, and other resources used on the farm may have more environmental significance than the transportation of the final product. Food miles are not always a good yardstick. Buying from a small, local conventional farm may have a greater carbon footprint than buying from a large, organic farm thousands of miles away. Organic or not, the larger farm also has the economy of scale on its side. And as a 2008 article in The Guardian points out, buying fresh produce from halfway around the world has a lower carbon footprint than buying local apples out of season that has been in cold storage for ten months. In The Locavore Myth, James E. McWilliams writes: One analysis, by Rich Pirog of the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, showed that transportation accounts for only 11% of foods carbon footprint. A fourth of the energy required to produce food is expended in the consumers kitchen. Still more energy is consumed per meal in a restaurant, since restaurants throw away most of their leftovers... The average American eats 273 pounds of meat a year. Give up red meat once a week and youll save as much energy as if the only food miles in your diet were the distance to the nearest truck farmer. If you want to make a statement, ride your bike to the farmers market. If you want to reduce greenhouse gases, become a vegetarian. While buying locally produced meat will reduce the amount of fuel needed to transport your food, it does not change the fact that animal agriculture requires an inordinate amount of resources and produces a great deal of waste and pollution. Tara Garnett of the Food Climate Research Network stated: There is only one way of being sure that you cut down on your carbon emissions when buying food: stop eating meat, milk, butter and cheese... These come from ruminants—sheep and cattle—that produce a great deal of harmful methane. In other words, it is not the source of the food that matters but the kind of food you eat. All things being equal, eating locally is better than eating food that has to be transported thousands of miles, but the environmental advantages of locavorism pale in comparison with those of going vegan. Lastly, one can choose to be an organic, vegan locavore to reap the environmental benefits of all three concepts. They are not mutually exclusive.

Outlier Free Essays

1. The large difference between how I have thought and understood success compared to the way Malcolm Gladwell argues is the circumstances and families that create success. Previous to reading this book, I strongly believed that the way to become successful was to put in hard work. We will write a custom essay sample on Outlier or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, my theory to success was similar along the lines to what Malcolm Gladwell discusses earlier in the book. He says, â€Å"Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re good. It’s the thing you do that makes you good†(Gladwell, 2008). I believed if you practiced what you want to be successful at everyday, you would eventually end up reaching your goal. However, after reading Malcolm Gladwell’s opinion my beliefs are now different. One of the more important examples Malcolm Gladwell mentions that showed how different I thought was the success story of Bill Gates. I personally believed that Bill Gates was successful only because he was an intelligent man who was driven by hard work and his goal to create the personal computer. Previous to this novel my only education on Bill Gates was from reading short articles about him and from what I have heard from friends and teachers. What I did not know about Bill Gates was his given circumstance and the support from his family and others. Malcolm Gladwell mentions that there important opportunities that were â€Å"incredible lucky series of events†(Gladwell, 2008), that created his success. Some of the opportunities Bill Gates was given were his â€Å"free computer time at the University of Washington†(Gladwell, 2008) and also previous to that his mother along with others â€Å"had enough money to pay for his high school Lakesides computer fees†(Gladwell, 2008). Without the circumstance of Bill Gates receiving free computer time, chances are he wouldn’t have been nearly as intelligent and innovative with computers as he is today. To reiterate Malcolm Gladwell’s argument about super achievers are successful because of their families, in Bill Gates circumstance it is true. He wouldn’t have had the opportunity to practice with computers at a young age if his mother couldn’t afford to pay for the schools computer fees. Based on Bill Gates example Malcolm Gladwell writes about, it creates a credible argument to how he believes how to become successful. I did not even consider before reading this novel that family and the fortunate circumstances you are given are a substantial part to ones success. However, now it is crucial that it is not overlooked. 2. In my opinion, the â€Å"cultural language† in the United States varies across the country depending on where you are from. I believe that in some regions of the United States the cultural language is similar to the language represented by the co-pilot Koltz in â€Å"The Ethnic Theory of Plane Crashes†(Gladwell, 2008). However, I also believe in other vicinities in the United States the cultural language is outgoing and in the situation presented in the plane crash chapter, the cultural language would have been much more extrovert. The cultural language across the United States has emerged and evolved based on where you and your parents are from and how you were raised. Moments before the plane â€Å"Avianca 052†(Gladwell, 2008) crashed after running out of fuel, Co-Pilot Mauricio Klotz attempted to warn Kennedy Airport that their airplane did not have the sufficient amount of fuel to land. However, because Klotz was using â€Å"his own cultural language†, the controllers were not able to comprehend the trouble Avianca 052 was really in. I believe Klotz’s mitigated speech during this problem is similar to some cultural languages in the United States. For example, Malcolm Gladwell discusses Robert Sternberg’s theory of â€Å"practical intelligence†(Gladwell, 2008). To Sternberg, practical intelligence is â€Å"knowledge that helps out read situations correctly and get what you want†(Gladwell, 2008). It is clear that Klotz’s cultural language lacked practical intelligence. However, I believe numerous cultures in the United States also lack the same intelligence. Malcolm Gladwell recalls a study where â€Å"Annette Lareau conducted a fascinating study of a group of third graders†(Gladwell, 2008). Results of the study showed that lower-class children are â€Å"quiet and submissive†(Gladwell, 2008). Therefore, children and adults who are from lower-class families very well could have responded the same way Klotz did during a time of emergency. The cultural language of the United States can also be outgoing and far from â€Å"quiet and submissive†. Malcolm Gladwell discusses the South and the personalities people possess there. From results of an experiment, it had shown that Southerners were more willing to stand up for themselves. The experiment consisted of calling them an â€Å"asshole† to see if it â€Å"caused their levels of testosterone and cortisol-the hormones that drive arousal and aggression-to go up† (Gladwell, 2008). The results were the Southerners â€Å"were angry, their cortisol and testosterone jumped. Their handshakes got firm†. It is easy to predict how a Southerner would have reacted to a plane moment’s way from crashing if they react strongly to simply being called a derogatory name. My guess is that if a Southerner was a co-pilot, the controllers at Kennedy Airport would have understood the trouble the airplane was in. I believe our vast cultural language derived from what Malcolm Gladwell would call â€Å"the culture of honor†(Gladwell, 2008). The â€Å"culture of honor† describes people behave the way they do because of where â€Å"you grew up or where your parents grew up†¦where your great-grandparents and your great-great-grandparents grew up and even where your great-great-great-grandparents grew up†(Gladwell, 2008). This explains our difference in the United States culture because the majority of the people living in the United States families were once immigrants. People come from all over the world to live in the U. S. and that is why are culture is different from any others. I believe our vast cultural language works in favor with our social structure because it matches with the supply and demand of our economy. For example, there are plenty of jobs in the United States where people who respect their superiors and are afraid to speak up can work. Also, there are opportunities to open up your own business if you contain traits similar to Malcolm Gladwell’s example of a Southerner and do not mesh well with being told what to do. 3. When Gladwell says that biologists talk about the ‘ecology’ of an organism he is referring to why certain organisms are more successful than others. Malcolm Gladwell is inferring that the â€Å"tallest oak in the forest is the tallest not just because it grew from the hardiest acorn†(Gladwell, 2008). It is the tallest oak in the forest because of many more reasons. Reasons that include luck and some things that cannot be controlled. For example, when discussing about oak trees, Gladwell mentions that one oak tree is the tallest because â€Å"no other tree blocked its sunlight†¦no rabbit chewed through its bark†¦ and no lumberjack cut it down before it matured†(Gladwell, 2008). Gladwell’s point of the ecology of this certain tree is that is it the most successful because of certain circumstances it was placed in. The â€Å"Matthew Effect† or also known as â€Å"accumulative advantage† is when â€Å"those who are successful are most likely to be given the kinds of special opportunities that lead to further success†(Gladwell, 2008). Malcolm Gladwell’s example of accumulative advantage is hockey players and how at a young age they achieve success. Gladwell discusses that â€Å"the professional hockey player starts out a little bit better than his peers. And that little difference leads to an opportunity that makes that difference a bit bigger†(Gladwell, 2008). An important implication of the hockey example is that the similarities in the age of the hockey players who have had success. The majority of the hockey players in Canada are born in â€Å"January, February, and March†(Gladwell, 2008). Because of the fact that these professional hockey players were born in the beginning of the year they had an advantage over those who were born later in the year. The reason why they have an advantage is because when they were young they were bigger and more matured than those who were born later in the year. Since that these hockey players were bigger than the other kids they were given the opportunity to play hockey at more of an elite level. This is a prime example of â€Å"The Matthew Effect† and it explains that ones who are successful are given more opportunities to be more successful. However, accumulative advantage and ecology both are very similar. For example, along with the accumulative advantage in the hockey player instance there is also ecology to it. As mentioned earlier, the ecology of an organism is lucky or uncontrollable circumstances that occur. For the most part, the date of birth of a person is often uncontrollable and is not often planned. Accumulative advantage and ecology as seen in this example, are often correlated with one another. In both the Matthew Effect and the ecology and an organism, people are given a better opportunity. References Gladwell, M. (2008). Outliers. New York: Little,Brown and Company. How to cite Outlier, Essay examples

Impact of Globalization on Citizenship-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Globalisation Poses a number of Challenges to Citizenship that only the extension of Democratic Government beyond the Nation-State can meet. Answer: Globalization poses a number of challenges to citizenship that only the extension of democratic government beyond the nation-state can meet. Globalization refers to the process wherein organizations enhance their operations beyond the national boundaries and operates on a global scale. Globalization involves integration of the domestic markets in the global economy making the national economies interconnected. Democracy and globalization are interdependent on each other. Since globalization involves flow of goods, services, money, ideas and human resources across the world, this can be achieved only when the Governments of the nations are liberal and allow such transactions. Globalization affects the economic, political, social and cultural aspect of the countries involved. Therefore, it can be stated that globalization promotes democracy and democracy assists in globalization. The publicity of ideas related to democracy such as liberty and equality followed by the western countries have encouraged the citizens of the developing countries to demand democracy. Globalization has resulted in economic growth of the participat ing nations, which has encouraged the other nations to demand democracy. Democracy ensures free movement of goods, money, services, ideas and human resources from one nation to another unlike the authoritarian nations such as North Korea[1]. In the recent times, the role of the citizens within the democratic countries has witnessed a major transformation. Several scholars have argued on the impact of globalization on citizenship. The changes in the economic, social, political and cultural conditions of the nations as a result of globalization have disrupted the relationship between the citizens and their nations. The increase in the globalization necessitate the requirement of improved political responsibilities and citizenship beyond nations. With the increase in globalization, several new types of civic activities have evolved in the form of social movements, which spread their values globally. Globalization leads to intensification of the social relations between the nations and increases the interconnectedness among the nations[2]. It is also necessary for the government of the nations to monitor the level of globalization as excessive imports might lead to downfall of the local industries. Therefore, it is necessary for the governments across the globe to decide the extent to which they allow international transactions. However, globalization restricts the citizenship and the rights of the citizens. Citizenship is a concept based upon membership, which emphasizes upon right to equality. Citizenship provides the citizens the right to participate. However, the values of citizenship has been challenged with the advent of globalization. Globalization poses a number of challenges to citizenship in the form of the ability of the nation to implement value of the citizenship. The neoliberal principles of globalization lead to global inequalities and challenge the right to equality and right to participate. However, globalization also has the power to find solutions to such issues. The concept of global citizenship has the power to mitigate the challenges imposed by globalization on citizenship[3]. Extension of democratic government beyond the nation refers to democratic globalization, which is a reform in the democratic global institutional systems. This shall involve election of the world leaders and the members of the global institutions by the citizens worldwide. Global citizenship is an important aspect of democratic globalization. Extension of democratic government beyond nation shall enhance globalization and shall make the global citizens closer to each other. This shall also give the right to the global citizens to participate in the global activities[4]. The extension of democratic government involves the extension of political democratization to financial and economical globalization. Lesser restrictions on the international transactions are necessary for the success of globalization, which can be achieved only when the democratic government is extended beyond the nation, giving rise to the concept of global citizenship. Creation of global institution controlled by t he global citizens is necessary for obtaining the desired results from globalization. Federation of the institutions into proper democratic world government shall enable the nations to enjoy economic benefits of globalization along with the positive impacts on the society, culture and politics[5]. Mundialization aims at establishing institutions and federative laws while considering the people belonging to a diversified culture. Mundialization demands for a new political institution, which shall govern entire humanity by transferring a part of national sovereignty to a Federal world government. Therefore, it can be stated that extension of democratic government beyond the nation can solve the challenges to citizenship imposed by globalization. References: Mostov, Julie. "Nation and Nation?State." The Encyclopedia of Political Thought (2015). Reid, Alan, Judith Gill, and Alan Sears, eds. Globalization, the nation-state and the citizen: Dilemmas and directions for civics and citizenship education. Routledge, 2013. Stevenson, Hayley. "The Wisdom of the Many in Global Governance: An Epistemic-Democratic Defense of Diversity and Inclusion." International Studies Quarterly 60.3 (2016): 400-412. Stoker, Gerry. Why politics matters: making democracy work. Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. Wonders, Nancy A. "Just-in-time justice: Globalization and the changing character of law, order, and power." Critical Criminology24.2 (2016): 201-216 Stoker, Gerry. Why politics matters: making democracy work. Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. Wonders, Nancy A. "Just-in-time justice: Globalization and the changing character of law, order, and power." Critical Criminology 24.2 (2016): 201-216. Stevenson, Hayley. "The Wisdom of the Many in Global Governance: An Epistemic-Democratic Defense of Diversity and Inclusion." International Studies Quarterly 60.3 (2016): 400-412. Mostov, Julie. "Nation and Nation?State." The Encyclopedia of Political Thought (2015). Reid, Alan, Judith Gill, and Alan Sears, eds. Globalization, the nation-state and the citizen: Dilemmas and directions for civics and citizenship education. Routledge, 2013.

School Leadership Successful Principles

Introduction Principals are an important part in the development and maintenance of successful schools. However, there is, surprisingly, less research on the methods that can be used in developing people to get the required knowledge of running schools effectively. This condition is in an environment in which principals are increasingly pressured to make improvements in their leadership regarding teaching and learning.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on School Leadership Successful Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The need for an improvement in the leadership skills of principals is also necessitated by the fact that their responsibility spans a lot of specialties and thus it is hard for a principal who is not well trained to be effective in his/her work. Principals are, therefore, expected to be visionaries in educational matters, experts in public relations in order to relate well with parents, children and other stakeholders. They should also be community builders, expert overseers, budget analysts, expert disciplinarians, facility managers and experts in assessment. Principals should also be in a position to act as agents in solving the conflicting interests of various stakeholders, and they should also be dynamic and sensitive enough to attend to the needs of their students (Davis, 2005, pp. 1-5). This paper is an in-depth exploration of the leadership in schools that seeks to establish the best kind of leadership in schools and suggests what can be done to improve leadership in learning environments. Literature review Status quo The state of schools as far as leadership is concerned has attracted a substantially large number of critics, with some being privy to management of schools. Most of these critics have been forced, by the kind of leadership that is currently in our schools, to believe that programs for education qualification in our university are inefficient, or at best mediocre. This is because such programs fail to address the real world challenges that their ex-students face when they assume leadership position in schools. It is alleged that such programs lack effective leadership training, and that the knowledge base is archaic and impractical. Admissions have also been faulted with their alleged lack of rigor in selection leading to certification of unreasonable numbers of graduates. Clear and holistic analysis of the programs for school leadership and the practice of school leadership are therefore critical if any positive changes are to be made (Davis, 2005, pp. 3-5).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Essential elements of good school leadership There is increasingly growing consensus on what good leadership in schools should be. One of the key elements that good school leadership should have is the implementation of pragmat ic approaches for ensuring that the teachers and other workers in the school are as effective as they can be. This will be achieved by provision of incentives and support that can help workers to improve the effectiveness of their work. Additionally, the school leadership should have models of effective practice that will benchmark the performance of its workers (Elmore, 2000, p. 21). This will ensure that workers embrace a culture of responsibility and accountability because performance will be easily measured by comparing actual performance with the benchmarks. These benchmarks should be developed with consideration of a variety of factors. Some of these factors include past performances of the school, the aims and goals of the school, the performances of leading schools in the vicinity of the school, a consideration of the special challenges that the school might be facing etcetera. The leaders should also ensure that they facilitate the development of common goals and values tha t each stakeholder in the organization must embrace. This will lead to a culture of productiveness of all stakeholders in the school. The goals and objectives will also form a platform on which the aforementioned benchmarks for performance can be developed since the school will be working towards the realization of its goals and objectives. It is also important for the school leadership to ensure that communication is effectively promoted, and clear any obstacles to work effectiveness. Lastly, there is need for development of productive partnerships with interest groups that will help in minimizing the problems that the school could face (Hess, 2003, p. 37). Such interest groups could be Non Governmental Institutions offering scholarships and training, governments interested in exchange programs for students, media houses willing to highlight the situation of leadership in schools in the region, and the like. Good school leadership is also characterized by a strong academic backgrou nd. This ensures that the leadership is at ease when solving the problems arising at the school since the leaders have also experienced the same.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on School Leadership Successful Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It will also make the development of policies, goals, values and moral easy since the leadership will have had to live under policies and morals of their former schools. Additionally, there are courses that are very crucial for leadership in schools, and which candidates for leadership in schools should have studied. The above elements of good leadership are most likely to be found in principals who have had a chance to attend holistic training programs in college. It is thus of essence that universities design their training programs for teachers well so that they become effective leaders when they are given the chance to lead schools. The following sub-to pic discusses some of the essential features of a good training program for school leaders. Features of effective training programs for principals Research related to the training of principals indicate that there are certain features that must be present in a training program for principals, if effective school leaders are to come out of the program. One such feature is the aspect of research in training programs for principals. The program should thus impart its participants with skills of leadership, instruction, development of schools and management of change within schools. It is thus apparent that universities operating with mediocre training programs should revise the content of their development and preparation programs for school principals. Such changes should be made such that graduates are able to promote effective and successful teaching and learning. They should also be able to develop networks within the school leadership for collaborative decision making, and also ha ve distributed leadership abilities. Also among the required skills is the fact that the principals should be imparted with skills to encourage a culture of community within the school, and be able to steer development of the competence of school management (Jackson, 2002, p. 69). Apart from the professional training which principals should be given, there is also need for development of ethical standards in them so that they will be ethical school leaders. This will ensure that they promote moral values in other stakeholders of the school, and possibly mitigate problems of misconduct, fraud and other vices.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The principals should also be taught the social and cultural principles surrounding the school environment (Jackson, 2002, p. 70). This understanding will help them to have immediate solutions to problems as they arise during their time as school leaders. Also among the features of a good training program for principals is the observance of curricular coherence. The best training programs for principals have well-thought goals and vision, and they are coherent with internal and external values, administrative practices and beliefs of the profession. Programs that exhibit high coherence have a logical flow, have effective links between theory and practice and they are sequentially ordered with an array of courses. The program should also be in conformance with the theories of adult learning in order for them to qualify as coherent (Levine, 2005, p. 91). Such a program gives the principal a potential for success in the practical world of school management. Practical methods for implem enting effective programs There are a number of methods that must be used in order to implement an effective program for training principals. The first is field-based internships, in which the principals are given a chance to gain practical knowledge of school leadership. Additionally, the students should be given problem-based training such as simulations of real-life problems. This prepares the principals by making them aware of when and how to use the theory they learnt in class in solving problems. There is also the need to promote the use of cohort groups in the teaching of principals since these kinds of groups are known to produce good results for adult students (Wilson, 1996, p. 332). The groups are effective because within the group, principals are able to practice how they will be solving real problems in the field since a lot of school problems are solved through consultations and assemblies. The students are also able to socialize in their cohort groups, making them deve lop social skills which are very relevant in school leadership. Lastly, it is important for principals to have mentors within the administration who may guide them in solving personal problems. In this case, the mentor and the student are supposed to work as a team towards the achievement of a development plan for the student. The development plan can be designed by the administration, or it can be developed by the mentor and the student, or even by the student alone (Levine, 2005, p. 77). Other pathways to school leadership In the discussion above, we have identified university programs for principals as one way of developing leadership skills in principals. The discussion was a bit lengthy because this is the main foundation of principals and thus its effectiveness will mean that the students who graduate from the university have the required skills to lead schools effectively. However, as it has been mentioned, the programs offered in universities are mediocre and there is a need to find alternative pathways for further leadership development after graduation of students. This sub-topic seeks to identify these alternative pathways to leadership development in principals. Some reformers have strongly argued that the only solution to the leadership problems we are facing in schools is the recruitment of people who have natural administrative capabilities even if they have not studied education. However, this argument conflict with the requirements for good school leadership because in order for one to be a good school leader, he/she has to have a strong academic background (Davis, 2005, p. 8). This is necessary because, in order to lead an organization, one has to be passionate about, and know, the intricacies of the trade of that organization. In some states, principal credentialing is common. This is a case in which candidates sit for an examination designed by the state, and the candidates who pass the exam are licensed as principals for schools. Thus a pe rson who has not necessarily studied education may end up being a school principal (Davis, 2005, p. 11). This method may pick potential candidates and weak ones depending on the kind of examination that is set by the state. Summary As evidenced in the discussion above, school leadership has not been taken as seriously as it should be. This has had many negative effects on our schools which have been unlucky to get mediocre principals. There is thus the need to review programs for training principals in the universities in order to ensure that effective school leaders are produced from these institutions. All programs for training principals in the universities should thus be reviewed to ensure that they abide by the requirements highlighted in the discussion above. In a nutshell, the requirements are aimed at linking theory with practice during training, developing values and morals in the principals, utilizing the resources offered by a variety of stakeholders and making students e ffective decision makers. As discussed in the above paragraphs, universities should also ensure that they use effective methods of implementing the features leadership development in principals. Such methods should promote practicability of knowledge, consultation, group work and problem-oriented development of knowledge. They should also ensure that the program is implemented in accordance with the findings of existing research about effective adult education. The suggested methods include use of cohort groups and mentors, implementation of problem-based learning and ensuring that students are able to attend internships based in the field so that they get practical knowledge through experience. Care must also be taken to ensure that the use of the aforementioned alternative pathways to school leadership do not contribute to the jeopardy of school leadership. It is thus of essence that graduates are effectively trained instead of picking people who do not have an academic background . All in all, there is hope for our schools if the suggested ideas are implemented in both the universities producing principles and in the schools. Reference List Davis, S. (2005). School Leadership Study: Developing Successful Principals. PDF File. Web. Elmore, R. (2000). Building a New Structure for School Leadership. Washington DC: The Albert Shanker Institute. Hess, F. (2003). A license to lead? A new leadership agenda for American schools  (Policy report). Washington, DC: Progressive Policy Institute. Jackson, B. (2002). Exceptional and innovative programs in educational leadership. New Jersey. Bell Bain. Levine, A. (2005). Educating School Leaders. New York: The Education School Project. Wilson, P. (1996). Preparing school leaders: What works? Journal of School  Leadership. Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 316-342. This research paper on School Leadership Successful Principles was written and submitted by user L1v1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

12 Angry Men Essays (560 words) - English-language Films

12 Angry Men Essays (560 words) - English-language Films 12 Angry Men 12 Angry Men: Juror #8 is the Most Important Juror Juror #8 was the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men for a number of reasons. The first reason is that when all the other jurors voted guilty without even thinking about their decisions, Juror #8 suggested that they talk about it before jumping to conclusions. Even when some of the other jurors got mad and started yelling at him, he stayed calm and tried to work things out in a mature fashion. The second reason is that he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was an important step because it paved the way for the other jurors to change their minds also. The third reason is Juror #8 re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that when all the other jurors quickly voted guilty, without discussing it first, he suggested that they talk about it for a little bit. When asked if he thought the boy was guilty or not guilty, he said, I dont know. This shows that he hadnt decided one way or the other. When asked why he voted this way, he replied, Its not easy for me to raise my hand and send a boy off to die without talking about it first. This shows that he wanted to talk things over with the other jurors before he makes a decision. Later on he said, I just want to talk for a while. This is more proof that he wanted to discuss the issue. The second reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is because he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was important because if no one changed his or her decision in the second vote, Juror #8 said he would change his vote to not guilty. However, Juror #9 did change his vote giving Juror #8 more time to talk about the case. Juror #9 said, He gambled for support and I gave it to him. I want to hear more. By convincing one person to change their vote, it forced everybody to listen to more arguments, and possibly change their thinking on the case. The third reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that he re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first time Juror #8 re-enacted a scene was when he proves that the old man could not have walked from his bedroom to the hallway in fifteen seconds. He did this by measuring how far his bedroom was from he hallway, and then walking it himself. It took him thirty-one seconds, making it impossible for the old man to have made it in fifteen. By doing this re-enactment, he changed the minds of several other jurors. With the points I have given, Juror #8 is the most important juror. Not only did he do what he felt was the right thing to do, but he also may have saved a boys life. For these reasons Juror #8 is the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men. Bibliography English Literature Book

Maritime Logistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Maritime Logistics - Essay Example Maritime logistics industry itself is going through a very subtle but important change which will make it critical for the leading industry players to prepare them strategically in such a manner that can allow them to develop sustainable and progressive businesses in largely volatile business environment. Our target company which emerged from being a small player to one of the key international player only because of the management of the most important key drivers in such a manner that it allowed to develop its strengths and potential to dominate the market. The fact that company has been able to withstand the pressures of the current financial crisis itself is one of the ample proofs of how a successful company can actually sustain the external pressures and develop its internal strengths to achieve the success. Some of the issues that have been discussed in part 1 of this report focused on the understanding of the basic characteristics of the industry as well as to study and understand as to how the company has been working over the period of time and what are some of the risk factors that can contribute towards increasing the overall risk of the investment opportunity. As such there is a need to have a broader understanding of the factors identified in part 1 of this report so that a comprehensive and to the point understanding of the critical success factors can be developed for making better and more informed decisions. Our target company is also one of the firms which has been able to successfully withstand the economic pressures because of the fact that it has strategically developed itself to a point where it is relatively more stable and resilient against the changes in economic conditions. The target firm therefore is one of such firms which will contribute positively towards value creation if all the risk factors and critical issues are factored in accordingly. Some of the issues that have been discussed in